Today we had a visitor in camp, Denne Reed, who is a graduate student at the University of New York at Stony Brook. He is studying East African microfauna (the small animals in an ecosystem) through their remains in owl pellets. The fossil remains of microfauna found in the basin are important indicators of ancient environments. Small animals tend to breed and evolve faster than larger ones, and they also tend to be more sensitive to changes in the environment. Thus collection of the microfauna bones from our sites, such as Site 15, is of equal importance as the butchered elephant we found there.
The study of the modern microfauna in the Olorgesailie Basin is another important
facet of our research here. Jennifer Clark recognized the importance of knowing
the relationship between the microfauna and the environments of East Africa
and initiated our study of the modern remains. This may seem odd at first.
Since we are paleoanthropologists and paleontologists, we ought to just be
studying the fossils. However, by studying what is around today, we can better
reconstruct what the environment was like in the past, by comparing the types
of small rodents, amphibians, and reptiles seen in both the modern and ancient
samples.
Jenny
invited Denne to help us hunt for owl pellets in the ravine just south of
the A11-10 site, where they have been known to roost in years past. Owls eat
many of the small animals that make up the area's microfauna. And when they
eat, they swallow thier prey whole -- fur, bones, and all. The bone and fur
don't digest well, and the owl is forced to regurgitate these, leaving scientists
a record of what they ate through the skeletons in the pellets. Unfortunately,
we were only able to locate a few pellets. Jenny has noted that with the current
drought, many of the rodents usually present at this time of year are gone,
and it appears that the owls have moved from their normal roosting sites (where
we normally fine the pellets). Denne was able to give us some ideas as to
where we might find their present roosts.
During
the search for the new roosts we located a civet den with a large amount of
animal remains that were previously unknown to us. A civet is a cat-like nocturnal
omnivore that eats a broad variety of berries, rodents, insects and other
small animals. We collected the remains found in the den and brought them
back to camp for washing, sieving and sorting. As an added bonus, while combing
through the underbrush, we may have discovered a new archeological site.
Work is progressing at the various sites faster than expected. So tomorrow we will perform a careful survey of the basin to see if the rains uncovered new sites of interest in the last year.
-RP